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The Hart Total Terrain Portfolio

Hart Investment Group - Weekly Round Up

Hello everyone. Welcome to the weekly roundup. Today we will cover geopolitics, inflation, and earnings releases. Hello Ben.

Hi Eva. How's it going?

Going pretty good. Sunshining. Just wanted to warm up.

Yeah, after the weekend and the the white that came again, I'm not even optimistic anymore.

I get that. Yeah, the winter played me. So, no. Yeah, that's fair.

So, um lots in the news. We're going to start off with the temporary US Iran ceasefire. Um what are the best and worst case outcomes for macro outlook if the truth holds versus if it breaks down?

I think that's a great question, a great place to start really. I think that uh this presidency has been much more choppy than I anticipated. Um and so I think in order to answer that question, I got to think a little bit about what uh potentially President Trump's thinking about these days. And that's that's a difficult one to game. Um so, you know, I think best case scenario, we'll see what's best case scenario look like. I think it looks like a sustained ceasefire. Um, and some kind of we'll say negotiation potential tax on some of the we'll say boats moving in and out. I don't know. We'll we'll see some kind of we'll say uh results that mean no more bombs and rockets are shot. Um, that's kind of best case scenario. And you know, when you think about it, there's been, I'd say, a lot of damage both geopolitically and economically in this short period of time where initially all there was thinking that all of the attacks and attention was put towards the US and Israel. Um, but if you look at where a lot of those rockets went, a lot hit Qatar and Bakran and Dubai and Saudi. Um so you know I think there's been a lot of I mean global damage done in this short period of time. Um so that all those things would need to be rebuilt. So I'd say best case scenario is sane ceasefire with negotiations that aren't going to take a week, they're going to take years to to be resolved likely.

Worst case scenario is the US thinks that they need to go in and uh do some of the things that Trump said he was going to do on Sunday night or Monday night. Um and uh you know where coming into this year for you to ask me that that was even a legitimate possibility I would have said no. and but seeing what's transpired so far with the you know attention on Venezuela effectively going in and taking a leader out of the country um this talk of Greenland continues in the background the war that uh he has started so I'd say worst case scenario is we go back to where we were um and that will result in higher energy prices lower economic activity uh pressure on the consumer probably defaults rising. We already started to see cracks in um you know the private credit market and you may say it's not a result of the war. Well, it kind of is um because if interest rates go up then lending pressure goes up uh and that the banks and lenders get more tight on their lending constraints and that slows activity and reduces credit availability. That's all bad for the economy. um a short term. Um so, you know, I'd say those are kind of the two ends. My view is we probably continue to chop. Um and oil stocks are off today, but some other stocks are up big like Intel's up 11% today. um some of these some of these semiconductors that have been beat up like Micron is uh was up 10% and so lots of volatility but I think overarching people are showing a bit of a sigh of relief that maybe some negotiations will happen and um as a result of that stocks pro probably migrate higher at least for the next week or so and then we'll see how the progress is going with their talks.

Okay, I I hate to be a Debbie Downey, but um let's look at the other side. If the truth proves fragile, um do higher energy prices, import costs, the risk of stackflation, could this move, you know, the hand of major central banks at their rate decisions?

I think that uh you know the central banks of the glory days like the 80s and 90s those central bankers had had kind of the easiest times relative to what they're dealing with now. Um so you know where they've been trying to stoke inflation for decades now they have the other side since co which they're trying to to to to damp out inflation um and a deteriorating economy. That's kind of worst case scenario for a central banker. Um, so yeah, so I think your your point's valid. Are they going to raise into a slowing economic activity and a rising unemployment rate? I think that's a real real key important question from an economic perspective. What happens here? Are they going to do it? I mean, our economic team last week said that at least from a Canada perspective, we don't think they will. Uh, we think the markets got ahead of itself and thinking that rates are going to rise in Canada. So we think likely in Canada they stay on hold barring something else materially happening. But if we are 6 12 18 months into a sustained war um and also the information that's being shared right now is right that that uh global supply chains have been disrupted and things aren't moving. Um I think it's a risk of inflation and stagflation. Yeah. I mean the the best place to be in stagflation is in commodities but also that ends up being extremely volatile um area to be from a portfolio construction perspective.

I think it's something to be conscious of, something to think about, um, when you're holding your investments. Um, you know, where you may you may have wanted to hold cash before, you may want to own something else or maybe even diversify, buy currencies, own some other currencies that are paying a little bit higher rates. So yeah, I think it's I think it's the risk presently just economically um is stagflation um because that's that's that's kind of worst case scenario.

Okay. Um bringing things into perspective, the markets um Q and earnings are kicking off. Are we about to see fundamentals retake the wheel from geopolitics or will the markets remain, you know, headline driven?

I think headline driven because the risk is so severe. Um, and oil is such a big uh determination for the what's going to happen to the world economy. And so I'd say that um in some cases like we had downward revisions to a number of tech companies last quarter because of AI fears and slowdown and so on and so forth. So I'd expect we probably see some beats there. we probably see some upward revisions, maybe some beats in the tech space that, you know, some of these stocks are down 20 30%. Um, which is likely an overreaction to the downside. Um, but, uh, I would say fundamentals don't really take over. Um, the one chart I think I put up there last week was was the financial um, health index. Um, and so I'd be watching that. If we start to see that tick up, maybe that starts to drive markets. But I think this geopolitical overhang is going to be here um maybe for the rest of his presidency. Um but at least in the next say 1 to 3 months. Okay, let's see the charts.

All right. So, we are recording uh one day early this week. We got meetings tomorrow. So, this is Wednesday, April 8th, 2 p.m. So, anything that happens between now and next Thursday, I will comment on then.

All right. This is a great chart from um Charlie Balo that puts out great research just around, you know, different types of events and so on and so forth. But I thought this was a great visual just to think about how much volatility there is and can be in the markets. So this is S&P 500 corrections of greater than 5% since the March 2009 low. Um so it's just I think it's more important to think about the fact that yes, we do have volatile periods. We went through 24 uh with for the most part really low quiet markets. And then this is a look back just to think about some of the events that we've gone through like in 2010 we had a debt crisis in Europe market dropped 17 again that jumped back up in 2011 risk of a recession 22 22% to the downside even last year you may not remember because it feels like a big distance future but S&P was down 21% peaked to trough with the tariffs um we even go back to 22 we're down 27% time and then the COVID lows, we're down 35% the S&P. So, these events and markets happen. Um, the length of these are interesting to note as well because we're, you know, 50ish days into the into the downside in the S&P up until today. We're seeing obviously a bounce back where S&P is up 160 165 points or so right now. So, a big bounce today, a bit of a relief rally. We can talk about if I think that's sustained or not. Um but this is important to think a lot of things change there's a lot of multiple impacts which causes the markets to fluctuate and occasionally it presents opportunities and maybe this isn't done yet but the current one we're in this will be one that we'll look back at and say what are the risks that we we're are happening right now and neither of you pointed to a number of them Iran or crude oil spike private credit and a AI disruption fears so this will be the one that'll be remembered for that and we're living through it and you know it presents opportunities. So when when markets overreact to the downside in a certain area like that gives you opportunities to add things and when they overreact to the upside that gives you a chance to sell. So lots of these events can happen and do happen and I think it's important just to be conscious that each one's a little bit different but you need to be careful at uh at the opportunities that are presented.

So, I thought this was a great chart just looking at um the S&P line, which is the blue, and the TSX, which is the red. And so, you know, we've seen a pretty material correction at the S&P where yeah, TSX re corrected as well, but because of the tilt to energy, oil, and gas, you've seen a a pretty decent divergence here. We're seeing the opposite today where S&P is up about 3% where the Canadian market's up about one and a quarter. And so we're going to probably see some of that close as we work through this two week ceasefire and then the direction of what happens next I think will be covered in the next you know hopefully 10 to 14 days. Um but lots of ground to cover still early days but the TSX trade is really heavily tilted to to energy where the S&P be much more tilted towards um towards growth in tech. um sentiment.

This is one I put up uh I think maybe multiple weeks in a row. Maybe not feels like it, but certainly it's something that I that I like and pay attention to quite closely. So this is the uh from our CIO office. Extreme pessimism is a buy. This is where we were last week at an 18. Extreme optimism is the sell. If we look at these different levels, momentum was really low last week, starting to pick up a bit. Volatility was very high. Um and now we're starting to move back, migrate a little bit towards the middle. Volatility sold off pretty hard today. Breth that means the number of stocks that are going up or down was bad. Uh risk appetite also bad. Speculation starting to see some of that move over here to the right. And surveys that would be how people feel about the world um is bad. Uh this is the another place to look at it. It's cumulative number. So, as you look at these standard deviation dotted lines along the bottom here, as you start to reach into these oversold areas, these have historically provided opportunities. Um, and you can say, well, what about this? What about that? This is a sentiment check based on how the market's feeling. And so, if we get a bit of a relief, which we're seeing today, this gauge is going to be much different um next week, probably into the 30s, I assume. assuming everything stays the same between now and Friday. Um probably a rally you get some of these sentiment indicators start to pop up a little bit and then h how do we resolve lower or higher will really be contingent based on what happens uh in the Iran war presently.

Um as always the opinions expressed in here do not necessarily reflect those in Ashbank Financial. I prepared these with the best of my judgment. Everyone's risk tolerance is different and independent. If you have any questions on any of these or your risk levels, give Eva or myself a call and we're happy to address those.

Great. Thank you, Ben. You're welcome.

So, what's on the agenda for the rest of the week and next week?

Yeah. So, I think it's I think that this will be important to see what happens tomorrow. Um, there was a lot of negative sentiment going into the 8:00 meeting yesterday. What was Trump going to do? Uh, were we going to was the war going to intensify? Are we going to have relief? And obviously, you know, what happened? We had a relief. He seems to have agreed. And so markets have knee-jerk react rally to the upside here. And so tomorrow and Friday will be great sense to see um is this going to be sustained um or is this just a temporary reprieve because people were were kind of anxious and they're looking to buy because they're afraid of missing out. Um so I'd be looking next two days certainly to see how this plays out.

I think every minute of every day right now is to see are they going to come to resolution and then we can get back to having conversations around what's going on in the economy in the world. Um but right now all the attention and focus is around geopolitics. Um and the economy is second slowing I think is the key point but it's secondary to uh what is happening in the Middle East right now. Perfect. Let's hope for world peace.

Yeah, for that peace. That would be nice. Thank you everyone. Remember to visit, subscribe, and follow us on YouTube and LinkedIn at Heart Investment Group. The link to our daily financial heartbeat will be in the caption of this video and in your email box if you're subscribed.

For our clients, please reach out to me if you have any questions or if you like to book a review meeting with Ben. Thank you once again for listening and enjoy the rest of your day. Bye.

Thanks everybody. Bye.

Hello everyone. Welcome to the weekly roundup. Today we will cover inflation growth and market sentiments. Hello Ben. Hi Eva.

Nice day out.

The sun's shining. Definitely. That's good. That's good.

And the roads are clear like there's no single snow.

That's nice. And tomorrow it's going to be one we get one day of summer. It's going to be 20. It's going to be 20. That'll be nice.

Welcome to the good times.

So, we've got a lot to cover. Um, we're going to start with growth. Canada posted modest growth at the start of the year. Um, but with manufacturing under pressure and resource sector still doing the heavy lifting. Um, is the economy showing resilience or is it masking a deeper weakness?

I think that's a great place to start and a great question. Um, our chief economist this week, Stefan Marian, put out a piece kind of commenting on that because there had been so much talk and thought around there's some risk with, you know, inflation's going to run away.

We're going to have another 2022 or 2020 depending on how you want to look at inflation. But the point I think is right where the inflation pressure is probably not as strong. Yes, there's some upward pressure with tighter gas prices and supply chain and things like that. Uh, but the economy is was and is deteriorating already. So I think that you know we're more likely in this environment where you know growth continues to slow to your point. Oil and energy is probably masking the number and unemployment's rising pretty quickly. So I think you know all that points to the fact yes there's some pressure but the rest of the economy is probably in worse shape than the energy space is right now.

Okay. So um we're just going to look a little further in the future. Um even if geopolitical tensions cool um has this oil shock done enough damage to keep inflation elevated and slow growth you know looking forward in the next two three quarters.

Yeah. So I think it's a great point. I think it's something very important to watch at this juncture particularly for Canada. Our probably is the others and we'd already been slowing and so there was kind of a knee-jerk reaction to interest rates because there was this fear that inflation's going to be sustained. And so you had the expectation that they're going to Bank of Canada is going to raise rates a couple times this year because of that kind of knee-jerk reaction to higher prices. So will inflation stay elevated? I mean I think the answer is maybe. But at the present point if this conflict starts to resolve itself sometime in the next we'll say 30 to 60 days then then I don't think it's sustained because our economies are already deteriorating. So, you know, I think it would be, I think it's temporary, but the environment we're in today with the Iran conflict is, I mean, an hour by hour, day by day kind of event happening right now. Yeah. Uh, drilling down to the markets,

we had a difficult first quarter. Are investors, you know, correctly pricing a path to peace in the Middle East or is the rebound shortlived? Um and if this volatility persists where should investors look for opportunity?

All great questions and uh and I think uh there's a multitude of answers and so I think to to some extent we've we've had March really was a period of elevated volatility and um that is something we haven't seen in in a number of years where we saw volatility elevated. We also saw as you know I like the sentiment gauge. So we saw market sentiment heading down and down and down as we had got into the I think the Monday print was 16 on a scale of 100.

So 16 is really showing extreme pessimism and I think we saw some capitulation last week Thursday Friday um then we had a recovery to your point earlier and now we've had I guess a little bit of chop as we head into Easter weekend here. So, you know,

I don't know if you follow some of the things that Trump says and does, but uh you know, from a with respect to Iran, he said yesterday that he had a discussion with a peace or with a negotiator within the Iranian government and Iran came back and said that that person doesn't exist. They don't even know who he's talking about. Um, and so there's so much that he says that has an impact on markets. You know, he was in President Trump spoke to someone within Nintendo. I don't know if you saw this, but um, and he talked about the founder of Nintendo uh, that he had a conversation with a guy the week before, but the guy's been dead for 5 years. So, a lot of the things that he says has an impact on markets. Um, and so that's caused a significant amount of volatility and I think that'll continue to be the case. Like I came down came in today and TSX was negative a couple hundred points and now we're positive 100 points. Um, so the but long-winded answers your question is where are the opportunities? I think that there was significant pressure on a lot of the tech companies ahead of this and so you get some of the better businesses and yeah I'd look at a company like Adobe which really focuses on cyber and the stock was down 25% prior to this and probably down another 15% since then and so that's I I believe presenting some opportunities there um and some of the other if you would like Meta for example, they've they've come under some negative pressure and press and so their stocks trading at maybe 20 times earnings, which is as attractive as it's been in a long time. So, I'd say those would presently be where the opportunities are. I mean, people are asking what what should we do with energy? Should we buy energy, sell energy? You know, if you're fortunate enough that you own some ahead of this, then probably sit tight and see how things play out because energy stocks are up a lot. um and maybe look for an exit opportunity if we see a blowoff top to the upside. Um but I'd be looking at other sectors that are that are beat up.

And last one I'll comment on is maybe bigger picture like a couple of the countries that I spoke about in our annual outlook were was India and China. Um so those two economies I think are more of the two most negatively impacted for the other side of this trade which is if energy prices resolve lower those two countries probably accelerate significantly higher. So those are areas where I think you could chip away at and and it's you know if you look two three years out those would be great opportunities to enter.

 

Economic news

Economic Impact

To keep you informed and stimulate your thinking, Stéfane Marion and Nancy Paquet take a look at economic news and share their perspectives in our monthly informative videos.

Welcome to Economic Impact. We are March 18, 2026. Stéfane, thank you for being here today.

Nice being here.

Yes. So, before we start, I think it's important to note that the last time we spoke, which was a couple of weeks ago, the events in Venezuela had just occurred. And today, we are faced with a conflict in the Middle East that is also impacting the discussions we're going to have today. So, first and foremost, I want to say that our feelings are with those populations that are touched by this conflict. But also, it's important for us to understand what will it mean for our Canadian investors who are listening to this podcast today.

Yeah, we forget how lucky we are being far from.

Absolutely.

Armed conflicts, right? It's a human tragedy. But to put things in perspective, we're going to speak to an oil price shock. It is the first one, almost day-to-day since the one that was incurred in 2022.

Yeah it was February.

February 2022, Ukraine invasion. So, right now as we speak now today, because I don't know what we'll end today, so we're at about $100 a barrel. 2022, we went as high as $130 a barrel. Again, this is expressed in 2026 dollars Nancy.

So, we can actually compare.

Yeah, so if you want to put some perspective on what the oil shock of the 1970s looked like, it was $160. However, this oil shock emanating from the Middle East is the first one since 1990-91, and it's impacting the Strait of Hormuz. We don't fully understand how the global supply chain will be impacted. All I can say at this point in time, $100 may not be recessionary, but it will have an impact on growth in the coming quarters and earnings expectations.

Absolutely. And it's important also to put that in context because we're not always starting from the same base, right? So, help us understand. So, you're right, when economists say "I know for sure what the impact". No, it depends where you are in the cycle. So, back in 2022 when the oil price hit, inflation was already at 8.5%. So, the Fed had no choice. They had to react to this by starting a monetary tightening campaign that took us all the way through 2023.

We all remember.

Long-term rates also increased. The good news from a cyclical perspective is that this oil shock is hitting when inflation is around 2.5%. So, I don't foresee an aggressive tightening cycle because of it. But it remains to be seen what type of pasture, how long the war will last and the impact that we'll see also on financial markets. So, but so far.

So good. And we saw this morning that Bank of Canada did not move the rates. We're waiting to see for the United States this afternoon. But, you're fairly confident that they won't move.

Oh, they won't, they're not going to move out because back in 2022, job creation in the U.S. was averaging roughly 400,000 people a month. Right now, 0, Nancy, for the past six months. The unemployment is at 3.4%, now it's at 4.4%. The Fed has a dual mandate. They're not going to hike at least in the first half of this year. We'll see the second half because don't forget, we don't fully understand the potential pass through from previous tariffs that were announced by the White House. And they're still in the protectionist agenda emanating from the White House, so we have to see on inflation. The U.S. is more uncertain.

And what's the impact on the markets?

Well, I'll give you a combination of rate hikes with an oil shock like 2022. Not good for markets. After three months, you were down 5.1% back then and after 12 months you're down 18%. There was a lot of volatility. You had to pick where you were going to invest. After three months in 2022, the Canadian market was one of the only ones that were up. Year to date, we're at 3.1%. We're again showing some resilience. The U.S. is down. Again, this is not big correction, but I just want to speak that, you know, even after three months, it was a very small correction, but it got worse because of the combination of higher oil prices, but also a very aggressive tightening campaign. We're not there yet, but we'll see what the impact on the global supply chain will be from shutting down the Strait of Hormuz, which is more than just crude oil, right?

Definitely. And it's. Oh my gosh.

LNG.

There you go. Thank you.

Sulfur.

Sulfur. That's was, that's the real one.

Helium.

Yes. And this did not exist back then, so those are all new importations.

You forgot a key one. Aluminum.

Aluminum, oh.

That's a big deal. That wasn't there back in the 1990s. So, that's the manufacturing supply chain being impacted more significantly than the 2022 oil shocks. So, people that say exactly, they know what's going to happen. We don't know. We don't fully understand. It really depends on how long the Strait of Hormuz is shut down.

And if we go to our traditional total return graph.

Yes.

How do we compare? We're still.

Still true, we're still doing well. This is a Canadian dollar total return. So, emerging markets are still up. We're resilient and the reason we're holding up so well, Nancy, has to do with the nature of our trade balance. And what it shows here is that compared, if you compare the Canadian dollar to the rest of the other reserve currencies, we are the country that runs the highest energy trade surplus.

And our oil production has improved. Put that again in context for us.

So, people will say, "Okay, are we running a higher trade surplus just because prices are increasing?". Of course, some of that is true. But people forget that since 2022, despite the fact that we've added very little infrastructure, there's been some innovation in the pipeline industry that has allowed Canada to go from 4.8 million barrels a day to roughly, where are we here, 2026, almost 6 million barrels a day. So, we've added more than 1,000,000 barrels a day. Again, yes, TMX was opened recently, we went from 300 to 800,000 barrels a day, but.

Still, there's innovation.

Innovation in the existing pipelines going to the U.S. means that we're shipping more. So again, people have the perception maybe it's not such a bad thing to be an energy superpower and being able to have the allies. And I think Ottawa is having, you know, maybe changing its mindset perhaps on that one. We'll see in a second half of this year.

And the last conversation we had, one of the themes was gold. So, can you update us on gold?

Okay. So yes, you're right. S&P TSX resilient because of oil and gas, but gold is important because the market cap of gold stocks, as we showed last month, was just as important as the energy stocks. So, in 2022, I have bad news for you, Nancy. The U.S. dollar shot up because of the Fed tightening and gold prices were down 20%. Now, will history repeat itself in this cycle? I'm not so sure. I'm more confident that the U.S. dollar will not appreciate because I'm sure people are more suspicious about the White House. They're unlikely to buy U.S. Treasuries as aggressively as they did back in 2022. So, year to date, all I can say is gold prices are actually behaving a little bit better than it was in 2022. We'll see in the coming months. But, I still think that the Canadian dollar will be more resilient because less people are inclined to buy U.S. Treasuries, so I don't think we'll have a repetition of what we saw in 2022.

And that's good. And again, last conversation we had, we were looking at our Canadian population, so I don't think fresh from the press, you don't have good news for us.

So, even though we've shown some resilience on the stock market. Well again this year the stock market is doing better than the economy and the primary reason is that our population is contracting. So, this came out this morning by the way. You know, last quarter people said that might be the worst that we'll see contraction of 80,000 people on the quarter. No, this quarter was 100,000 people. So, on a year over year basis, believe it or not, we're down 100,000 people. It's not much because we have 41 million population. It's 0.2%, but yet it's the first annual decline in Canada's population since the Confederation in 1867. Yeah.

And we can understand why. I mean we slowed down the immigration, our population is getting older. So, in the short term it might not be so bad because we had housing problems last year as you know. But definitely we'll have to make sure that we inverse this so that the industry, the entrepreneurs really have what they need to produce.

I think Ottawa needs to optimize its immigration policy. I think this is a bit too aggressive. We'll see in the months ahead. So far it's mostly hitting the student population because permanent immigrants, they were actually up 80,000 on the quarter. So, not so bad for industries, but for some universities etcetera, colleges, it's another story. So, it's not overall bad in every facet of the immigration policy but I still think this is a little bit too aggressive. So. And that's putting downward pressure on the housing market. But, the silver lining is that if your population's not growing, your inflationary pressures are not as bad, right?

Yeah, there's always a balance somewhere. And so, tell us about the inflation.

Below target. We're below 2%. There are only a few countries like that. Imagine that. We're a big energy producer with inflation below 2%. Yes, there were some policy impacts on all of this, but all I'm saying, Nancy, as the central bank attempts to navigate the oil shock, at least in Canada, we have a little bit more leeway to be patient compared to the U.S., which is at 2.4%. Nonetheless, the critical part is to understand what the Strait of Hormuz will mean to the global supply chain. Profit expectations. Remember what we said last month. People are so optimistic.

Double digits everywhere.

I think downward earnings revision is possible. So, be prepared for volatility in the coming weeks and coming months.

Okay, well, thank you so much, Stéfane. And if you are worried about volatility or, you know, what's the impact on this on your portfolio, well you know you have the chance to call your advisor and see what this means in your reality, because emotions and a three-month period are never a good guide. So, I invite you to contact your trusted advisor to have your health check, financial health check. So again, thank you Stéfane. Thank you to all of you and we'll see you next month.

 

5 • 4 • 3 Market Outlook

5 minutes, 4 graphs, 3 key takeaways! Discover a fresh focused quarterly review of markets, the economy and investments with expert Louis Lajoie from our CIO Office.

Hello everyone. Today, March 16. I'm going to try to quickly review a quarter during which a lot has happened, and a lot is still happening as we speak.

Without further ado, I think the best way to summarize the last few weeks is just to point out that we've essentially witnessed a substantial and rapid increase in the pace of change across multiple fronts. Specifically on the geopolitical front with what's going on in Iran as we speak, but also under the technological front with ongoing advances in AI, which have been raising a lot of questions for a lot of businesses. From a high-level point of view, the consequence of all of this is to raise uncertainty at a new scale. And we should probably get used to that because we used to be talking about uncertainty from a cyclical point of view. But nowadays, we believe that uncertainty has become structural. And again, this raises a lot of questions. But for today, I think we should just take some time to look at what the market has been telling us over the last year in terms of consequences. And the market has been telling us essentially three things, one of which being that we should expect bouts of volatility as we have seen last year during the tariff tantrum, but as we're seeing more recently. But beyond this volatility, we are still witnessing a pretty good resilience on the part of markets, which goes to show that beyond these shocks, economic activity is still somewhat moving forward, although this is only true if you're adequately diversified because within the equity investment universe, we are seeing substantial divergence across sectors, but also across geographies. For instance, U.S. equities are still lagging, essentially flat since last October, whereas you're seeing better gains elsewhere, although this gap has narrowed recently, which again goes to show that volatility is also being felt within the equity investment universe. And the reason why U.S. equities have been doing a little better recently is that they're less sensitive to rising energy prices, as we are witnessing. And for good reasons, because there's just no more important choke point for energy markets than the infamous Strait of Hormuz, which is practically closed as we speak. Nevertheless, oil prices have not increased as much as what we saw during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in early 2022. And most importantly, you're seeing that markets are treating this situation as being partly temporary, in the sense that futures prices—so the price for a barrel of oil 12 months from now—have increased. There are long-term consequences here, but just not as much as you're seeing for more short-term prices, which is reasonable in the sense that the current situation is just unsustainable for all parties involved. We'll have to monitor this because unfortunately the range of scenarios here is still pretty wide. But for today, what I would emphasize is that there are reasons to believe that we're not going to be repeating what we saw in 2022, which many of you will remember as a pretty challenging year for both equities and bonds. Because back then, you have to remember that just before the Russian invasion of Ukraine, we were already seeing leading economic indicators pointing towards a deceleration in economic activity. Whereas today, it's rather the opposite, in the sense that leading indicators are pointing to a cyclical upturn, which we were starting to see recently, but which is arguably, and most definitely, more at risk here. Let's be clear, given that we're going to be seeing inflation be much higher than we hoped before this Iran situation emerged.

Three takeaways for today. From a high-level point of view, it's not complicated here. We are undergoing a period of profound and vast changes, which creates a lot of uncertainty, which makes markets quite volatile, especially within the equity market universe. If you're adequately diversified here, the damage is pretty limited. And when you look at it, there are reasons to believe that this combination—volatility, resilience, and divergence—will remain the story over the next few months. Although the resilience part will be put to the test here, because risks around the scenario have undeniably increased given the rise in energy prices and global commodity prices, and the consequences for inflation. 

That's it for today. Thank you for listening and we will talk again in June. Have a great spring everyone. 

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